Enhanced Virtual Inertia Control for Microgrids with High-Penetration Renewables Based on Whale Optimization

High penetration of renewable energy sources into isolated microgrids (µGs) is considered a critical challenge, as µGs’ operation at low inertia results in frequency stability problems. To solve this virtual control based on an storage system applied to enhance the and damping properties µG. On other hand, utilization phase-locked loop (PLL) indispensable for measuring frequency; however, its dynamics, such measurement delay noise generation, cause extra deterioration stability. In paper, improve µG minimize impact PLL new optimal technique proposed. A whale optimization algorithm used by optimizing parameters controller with consideration dynamics uncertainties inertia. The proposed has been validated through comparisons optimized PI which tuned utilizing MATLAB internal model methodology H∞-based control. show effectiveness against different operating conditions disturbances uncertainties.